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10 Biggest Banking Scandals Of 2012

This article is more than 10 years old.

No year would feel complete without a few high-profile financial scandals.

It's been just fours years since the financial crisis hit yet there's been no shortage of bad behavior among the world's powerful money men and women since then.

This year's financial scandals and trouble makers resulted in billions lost and  included a too-big-to-fail bank, a small Iowa-based futures brokerage and a once boring benchmark rate that is suddenly at the center of a massive, global investigation. Criminal charges and prosecutions were few and far between but that's not anything new for the industry. Many of these scandals ended like many before it-with a monetary settlement.

1.First up is perhaps the biggest financial scandal this year. It stemmed from the nation's biggest and arguably safest bank, JPMorgan Chase. In May chief executive and Wall Street poster boy Jamie Dimon revealed that his bank had suffered a massive trading loss initially reported to be $2 billion. That $2 billion turned into roughly $5.8 billion loss.

While there was no wrongdoing at hand Dimon did find himself front and center testifying not once but twice before members of Congress. His long-time, trusted CIO Ina Drew lost her job amid the loss as well as a handful of other executives. The trading mess left JPM with billions less but perhaps more significantly put a mark on Dimon's previously stellar reputation.

2. The Libor manipulation scandal was the year's most far-reaching, hitting dozens of banks across the U.S. and Europe. This summer Barclays was the first bank to settle allegations that it manipulated the London Interbank Offered Rate--a benchmark rate tied to hundreds of trillions of dollars worth of financial contracts and derivatives.

Barclays paid up $450 million and American CEO Bob Diamond lost his job over the matter after regulators lost their faith in him. There's plenty more where that came from as over a dozen other banks are under investigation for their own role in Libor rate-rigging.

3. UBS learned that the hard way last week when it paid a jaw-dropping $1.5 billion to settle Libor allegations. The Swiss bank admitted its wrongdoing and some of its former traders were arrested in Europe as a part of the investigation.

The UBS settlement doesn't bode well for the remaining banks under investigation. Why? The charges made against UBS show the bank not only manipulated the Libor rate to make itself look healthier to outsiders but also, and perhaps more often, to make money by apparently colluding with other banks. From a regulator’s perspective that’s a lot worse than lying a bit to appear in better condition.

4. The UBS settlement amount was only outdone by the one paid by HSBC just a week prior. The British bank paid a record $1.9 billion to UK and U.S. regulators over money laundering. More specifically, HSBC settled charges that its lax money-laundering policies allowed billions in Mexican drug money and Iranian terrorist money to be transferred into the U.S. financial system.

5. That wasn't the only money laundering settlement this year. Standard Chartered, a UK bank, paid $327 million to U.S. regulators in December over alleged illegal transactions with Iran, Sudan, Libya, and Burma. The countries are all subject to U.S. sanction and the U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Reserve say Standard Chartered Bank moved millions of dollars between 2001 and 2007 illegally through the U.S. financial system on behalf of Iranian, Sudanese, Libyan and Burmese entities.

Earlier this year in August, Standard Chartered paid $340 million to a New York state regulator over similar allegations. The NY Department of Financial Services said the British bank schemed with the Iranian government for nearly a decade, reaping hundreds of millions of dollars in fees through thousands of secret transactions involving $250 billion.

6. Back at UBS the scandals keep rolling. Late last year UBS disclosed one of its traders had gone rogue and lost the bank over $2 billion as a result. According to documents Kweku Adoboli's bets exposed the bank to $12 billion in losses even though his unit was only authorized to risk $100 million intra-day and $50 million overnight. He was found guilty on two counts of fraud in November after a 10-week trial.

7. Not all scandals involved billions of dollars. A small futures brokerage firm in Iowa went under after its CEO allegedly engaged in fraud losing over $215 million of client money.

CEO Russell Wasendorf Sr. was indicted by federal prosecutors who say he submitted false information for his U.S. futures and currency brokerage firm. Wasendorf pleaded not guilty even though last month he confessed in a suicide note that he  had been using fake bank statements to embezzle millions of dollars from customers.

8. A larger brokerage firm faced another type of mess. Market-maker Knight Capital Group this summer suffered a $440 million loss after a problem with its trading system resulted in unwanted securities purchases. The loss forced it to be saved by outside investors including TD Ameritrade, Blackstone and Jefferies.

It ended up selling itself to one of its investors, Getco, for $3.75 a share. Knight shares were trading around $10 before the trading screw-up.

9. Insider trading has been a big focus for regulators over the last year. The prosecution of former hedge fund titan Raj Rajaratnam over illicit profits he made on inside information also shined a spotlight on one of his informants. Rajat Gupta, a former Goldman Sachs director, was fined $5 million and jailed for two years for sharing inside information with Rajaratnam. Among the secret information was a $5 billion investment Warren Buffett would make in Goldman Sachs amid the 2008 financial crisis.

10. Prosecutors have been circling billionaire hedge fund manager Steven Cohen and his firm, SAC Capital, for quite some time. In recent weeks it appears they've been getting closer in their attempt to take him down.

A former portfolio manager at an affiliate of SAC Capital Advisors was indicted this month for allegedly trading on inside information. Mathew Martoma worked for a unit of SAC and according to documents his inside information was apparently used by Cohen--though he isn't named in any of the prosecution's documents.

It won't be the last we hear of Cohen, SAC and the regulators. After all, 2013 is just around the corner and will require its share of financial scandals.